What methods of interruption are used for a short period?

Methods for terminating a pregnancy in the early stages are different from later ones. Developments in this area are increasingly striving to reduce injuries and consequences. The earlier a woman decides to have the procedure, the better it is for her: the walls of the uterus are not yet so stretched, hormonal changes have not reached their maximum level.

Three main methods are used:

1. Vacuum aspiration.

2. Abortion (curettage of the uterine cavity).

3. Medical interruption.

None of them can guarantee the absence of hormonal pathologies after getting rid of pregnancy.

Regardless of which methods of termination of pregnancy will be used, it is necessary to undergo a thorough examination.

The list of required methods includes:

• general analysis of blood and urine;

• examination in mirrors and two-handed examination;

• a smear for the degree of purity of the vagina;

• tests for syphilis, hepatitis B, C;

• coagulogram;

• blood type and Rh factor;

• ultrasound of the small pelvis.

It is also necessary to consult a therapist to take into account common diseases that may affect the procedure. A conversation with a psychologist is recommended to try to dissuade the woman or provide mental support.

Making the decision to have an abortion.

Abortion is done in the following cases:

1. The conscious choice of a woman, provided that she went to the clinic for a period not exceeding 12 weeks.

2. Statement of intrauterine death of the fetus or the presence of its pathological conditions.

3. Complications that arose during pregnancy, and which directly threaten the health and life of a woman.

4. Ectopic pregnancy.

5. Critical health conditions of a woman that require immediate intervention. These are not absolute contraindications for abortion, therefore, even if there is a threat of a fatal outcome for the mother or for the child, the woman’s desire to continue the pregnancy must be taken into account.

6. Pregnancy arose as a result of rape.

Contraindications for any abortion are as follows:

• acute inflammatory processes of the genital organs;

• a period of more than 12 weeks;

• Rhesus conflict during the first pregnancy.

Every woman should be aware that even in the absence of early complications, artificial termination of pregnancy is not a harmless procedure, and may lead to long-term consequences:

• violation of hormonal balance;

• formation of tumors in mammary glands;

• the appearance of precancerous and tumor formations in the reproductive organs;

• inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs;

• adhesive process;

• infertility;

• psychological trauma.

As for the possibility of subsequently bearing and giving birth to a child, this is very individual. In the past, abortions often led to infertility due to the use of outdated technologies and as a result of aggressive effects on the woman's body. Now there are quite gentle ways to terminate an unwanted pregnancy, but the risk still remains.

According to doctors, after sparing options for abortion and provided there are no complications, the female body is restored in about a month or two. But experts do not advise rushing into a new pregnancy - it is better to wait until the genital organs are fully restored, and at this time it is worth avoiding pregnancy. To the question “Is it possible to get pregnant immediately after an abortion?”, The answer may be positive, but whether a woman can bear a baby is not a fact.

Of course, a woman must decide on her own whether to continue or terminate a pregnancy, but the decision she makes must be balanced and thoughtful. In addition to the fact that abortion can lead to health problems, we must not forget about the moral side of the issue. What is an embryo? This is an early stage of human development. Therefore, if you look at this issue from a philosophical point of view, the embryo is not much different from the baby - it is a future personality, and a unique personality. In this aspect, abortion is murder, but there is another nuance - the rights of the mother, so the question of what is more important is an embryo with the right to life or a woman with the right to freedom of choice remains debatable.

Another thing is abortion for medical reasons. In this case, only the mother can make a choice. She has the right to risk her health and even life for the sake of the birth of a child, or she can terminate the pregnancy.

Thus, abortion is not always immoral, if a woman, knowing about the possibility of getting pregnant, does not use the means of such contraception available in the modern world, and then comes for an abortion, this can be compared to the murder of a child. If it is necessary to terminate the pregnancy due to the health of the mother or pathologies of the development of the fetus, one can argue about equating this abortion with murder.

What is the safest abortion?

The term "safe abortion" does not exist. In any case, this is a very difficult test for the body. A woman should understand that any abortion poses a threat to her health, but the most gentle method that is currently available can certainly be considered medical abortion.

1. The development of an unwanted pregnancy stops in the early stages, when the fetus is not yet formed.

2. Lack of surgical intervention, and, consequently, traumatization of the cervix and endometrium.

Vacuum abortion is the second safest method, surgical is considered the most dangerous.

Abortion in late pregnancy is a very serious and dangerous intervention. The female body recovers most quickly during artificial childbirth; for the cardiovascular system, a small caesarean section is considered safer. During childbirth, a woman's blood pressure may rise and the risk of hemorrhage increases. With a caesarean section, there are no contractions, and the functionality of the cardiovascular system is maintained by the anesthesiologist.

A few words must be said about criminal abortion. It poses a threat not only to the health of a woman, but also to her life. Now there are a huge number of different ways to conduct a criminal abortion, and each of them can result in massive bleeding, inflammatory processes in the genital area and even blood poisoning.

Surgical abortion.

This is the most dangerous, but at the same time the most common, termination of pregnancy. Such an abortion is carried out with the help of special instruments. The cervix dilates and the contents of the uterus are scraped out with a curette, a surgical instrument.

Before an instrumental abortion, a woman must undergo a clinical and laboratory examination. After the operation, a control examination of the uterus with an ultrasound or hysteroscope is necessary. The woman remains in hospital for several hours, and if her condition does not worsen, she can go home. With severe pain in the lower abdomen, as well as with strong bloody discharge, an urgent visit to the doctor is necessary. Regardless of how you feel, a woman should undergo a follow-up examination by a gynecologist 10-12 days after the intervention.

This type of abortion is currently performed under anesthesia and under ultrasound control. You can terminate a pregnancy in this way up to 12 weeks.

Surgical abortion is a very imperfect method, in which there is a risk of mechanical damage to the uterine wall, infection, and rupture of the muscles of the uterine neck.

Side effects are as follows:

• cervical rupture;

• bleeding;

• inflammation;

• infertility.

Vacuum abortion.

Vacuum abortion is a gentle method, but more traumatic than a pill.

The intervention is performed without opening the cervix, a special vacuum aspirator is used, which minimizes the number of possible complications. The doctor inserts a special probe into the uterine cavity, and with the help of a pump, the fetal egg is sucked out. Vacuum aspiration is performed without general anesthesia.

Such an abortion is carried out before 8 weeks of pregnancy, it has the following side effects:

A woman can return to normal life in a couple of hours, but within a few days, discharge resembling menstruation is possible. This is considered a variant of the norm, since hormonal changes occur in the body after the removal of the fetal egg.

Contraindications - infectious and inflammatory diseases of the genital organs in acute or chronic form, unconfirmed uterine pregnancy.

Doctors may use vacuum curettage. The cervix is dilated with special instruments, after which a vacuum curette is inserted into the uterine cavity, with the help of which pressure is created. Then, with the help of an aspirator, the fetal egg is removed. For anesthesia, Lidocaine is used - they cut off the cervical region of the uterus.

Complications after vacuum curettage:

• injury to the uterine cavity;

• perforation;

• bleeding;

• inflammatory processes;

• ectopic pregnancy in the future;

• infertility.

Medical abortion.

This is a non-surgical abortion. Its action is based on the fact that after taking the drug, the synthesis of progesterone, a hormone that is very important for the development of the fetus, is blocked. This phenomenon leads to the fact that the cervix spontaneously opens and the fetal egg comes out.

However, this method of getting rid of an unwanted pregnancy is possible only up to the 7th week of pregnancy. Although seemingly harmless, medical abortion has side effects. The drugs that are used in this case are hormonal agents that can lead to hormonal failure in the female body.

Medical abortion provokes side effects:

• nausea;

• diarrhea;

• vomit;

• bloody issues;

• headache.

Pill abortion is shown to nulliparous girls who went to the doctor in the early stages of pregnancy, since it is considered to be the safest and the negative consequences after it are much less than after other types.

The effectiveness of this method is 85%, to increase it, many doctors combine two or more drugs. The most commonly used combination is Mifepristone and Cytotec. 10-12 days after the release of the fetal egg, ultrasound control is necessary.

Contraindications for tablet abortion:

• allergic reaction to the components of the product;

• adrenal insufficiency;

• uterine fibroids;

• the presence of a uterine scar;

• anemia;

• blood diseases;

• inflammation of the genitourinary system;

• somatic pathologies in severe form.

Smoking women over 35 years of age are not indicated for medical termination of pregnancy. In addition, mifepristone is not prescribed if:

• ectopic pregnancy;

• conception is not confirmed by laboratory and clinical studies;

• gestational age exceeds 42 days;

• pregnancy occurred immediately after taking contraceptives or against the background of using intrauterine contraceptives.

With great care, medical abortion can be performed on women with pulmonary obstruction, high blood pressure, and heart failure.

Self-administration of drugs intended for tablet abortion is strictly prohibited!

Terms of safe abortion.

I must say that the shorter the gestation period, the less severe the consequences of abortion. The safest period for termination of pregnancy is the period up to 6-7 weeks. This is the time when the embryo has not yet had time to attach to the uterine wall, and the woman's body has not yet begun to adapt to bearing a child. The risk of complications increases with the duration of pregnancy.

Types of abortions and their consequences.

Abortion is an artificial termination of pregnancy. Despite the fact that today there are a huge number of preventive measures to prevent unwanted pregnancies, the number of abortions performed by doctors is constantly growing. There are 3 ways to terminate a pregnancy - vacuum, surgical and medical. The doctor offers the woman the most suitable option in each case, but the final decision certainly remains with the patient. To choose the best type, you need to learn in detail about all available at the moment.

Home, non-medical methods of abortion.

Women continue to ask for alternative ways to terminate a pregnancy, despite the fact that modern types of abortions have already become practically safe and not painful if good anesthesia is used. At least in comparison with criminal abortions. Women simply do not want to go to the doctors. But even if they manage to provoke a miscarriage, many are not happy. The probability of complete emptying of the uterus exists only in the very early stages of the development of the fetal egg, in the first days of delayed menstruation. And then you can’t do without the classic “cleansing” in the hospital.

If home methods of abortion are used with folk remedies for two or more weeks of delay, there is a huge percentage chance that there will be complications.

Herbs are usually used as abortives: tansy, oregano, etc. As well as physical activity, active sexual life and taking a hot bath.

Termination of pregnancy - surgical abortion.

Most abortions in Russia are performed by the instrumental method, unfortunately. More often due to the poor equipment of antenatal clinics and hospitals, poor financial opportunities for women, as well as late access to a doctor.

Instrumental abortion is performed if the gestational age exceeds 7 weeks and up to 12 weeks. In its classic version, the doctor, after the introduction of an anesthetic, more often it is now general anesthesia, with the help of special tools - metal tubes, dilators with different diameters, opens the cervix. After that, with the help of a sharp curette, the entire endometrium is scraped out along with the fetal egg. The whole procedure is carried out without the use of ultrasound, that is, simply by touch. Therefore, including, surgical abortion and gives so often complications.

With mechanical expansion, the cervix is \u200b\u200btraumatized. In the next pregnancy, these injuries can lead to premature disclosure, isthmic-cervical insufficiency. It is better if the cervix is opened before abortion using vaginal or oral forms of medication.

Severe consequences of the procedure include perforation of the uterine wall. But this, fortunately, happens infrequently, and mostly only for long periods. More often, women experience severe uterine bleeding - they have to take hemostatic agents. Hematometra - accumulation of blood in the uterus due to poor contractility of the myometrium or cervical spasm.

If part of the fetus or its membranes remains in the uterus, a placental polyp will occur. And you will have to do a second cleaning of the uterus.

Due to trauma to the uterine cavity, intrauterine synechia occurs. Their symptoms are scanty and painful menstruation, infertility. Adhesions are dissected surgically with hysteroscopy.

If the procedure was performed in violation of sterile conditions or the woman did not take antibiotics after the abortion, endometritis may occur. And in the absence of its treatment, adhesions in the fallopian tubes, chronic inflammation of the ovaries may appear. Which in the future will result in infertility and ectopic pregnancy.

Another problem that can arise with an Rh conflict is if the mother is Rh negative and the fetus is Rh positive. If the pregnancy is terminated at a period of about 10 weeks, an anti-Rhesus immunoglobulin is administered to the woman within 72 hours after the procedure in order to avoid difficulties with a subsequent pregnancy.