What is the safest abortion?

The term "safe abortion" does not exist. In any case, this is a very difficult test for the body. A woman should understand that any abortion poses a threat to her health, but the most gentle method that is currently available can certainly be considered medical abortion.

1. The development of an unwanted pregnancy stops in the early stages, when the fetus is not yet formed.

2. Lack of surgical intervention, and, consequently, traumatization of the cervix and endometrium.

Vacuum abortion is the second safest method, surgical is considered the most dangerous.

Abortion in late pregnancy is a very serious and dangerous intervention. The female body recovers most quickly during artificial childbirth; for the cardiovascular system, a small caesarean section is considered safer. During childbirth, a woman's blood pressure may rise and the risk of hemorrhage increases. With a caesarean section, there are no contractions, and the functionality of the cardiovascular system is maintained by the anesthesiologist.

A few words must be said about criminal abortion. It poses a threat not only to the health of a woman, but also to her life. Now there are a huge number of different ways to conduct a criminal abortion, and each of them can result in massive bleeding, inflammatory processes in the genital area and even blood poisoning.

Surgical abortion.

This is the most dangerous, but at the same time the most common, termination of pregnancy. Such an abortion is carried out with the help of special instruments. The cervix dilates and the contents of the uterus are scraped out with a curette, a surgical instrument.

Before an instrumental abortion, a woman must undergo a clinical and laboratory examination. After the operation, a control examination of the uterus with an ultrasound or hysteroscope is necessary. The woman remains in hospital for several hours, and if her condition does not worsen, she can go home. With severe pain in the lower abdomen, as well as with strong bloody discharge, an urgent visit to the doctor is necessary. Regardless of how you feel, a woman should undergo a follow-up examination by a gynecologist 10-12 days after the intervention.

This type of abortion is currently performed under anesthesia and under ultrasound control. You can terminate a pregnancy in this way up to 12 weeks.

Surgical abortion is a very imperfect method, in which there is a risk of mechanical damage to the uterine wall, infection, and rupture of the muscles of the uterine neck.

Side effects are as follows:

• cervical rupture;

• bleeding;

• inflammation;

• infertility.

Vacuum abortion.

Vacuum abortion is a gentle method, but more traumatic than a pill.

The intervention is performed without opening the cervix, a special vacuum aspirator is used, which minimizes the number of possible complications. The doctor inserts a special probe into the uterine cavity, and with the help of a pump, the fetal egg is sucked out. Vacuum aspiration is performed without general anesthesia.

Such an abortion is carried out before 8 weeks of pregnancy, it has the following side effects:

A woman can return to normal life in a couple of hours, but within a few days, discharge resembling menstruation is possible. This is considered a variant of the norm, since hormonal changes occur in the body after the removal of the fetal egg.

Contraindications - infectious and inflammatory diseases of the genital organs in acute or chronic form, unconfirmed uterine pregnancy.

Doctors may use vacuum curettage. The cervix is dilated with special instruments, after which a vacuum curette is inserted into the uterine cavity, with the help of which pressure is created. Then, with the help of an aspirator, the fetal egg is removed. For anesthesia, Lidocaine is used - they cut off the cervical region of the uterus.

Complications after vacuum curettage:

• injury to the uterine cavity;

• perforation;

• bleeding;

• inflammatory processes;

• ectopic pregnancy in the future;

• infertility.

Medical abortion.

This is a non-surgical abortion. Its action is based on the fact that after taking the drug, the synthesis of progesterone, a hormone that is very important for the development of the fetus, is blocked. This phenomenon leads to the fact that the cervix spontaneously opens and the fetal egg comes out.

However, this method of getting rid of an unwanted pregnancy is possible only up to the 7th week of pregnancy. Although seemingly harmless, medical abortion has side effects. The drugs that are used in this case are hormonal agents that can lead to hormonal failure in the female body.

Medical abortion provokes side effects:

• nausea;

• diarrhea;

• vomit;

• bloody issues;

• headache.

Pill abortion is shown to nulliparous girls who went to the doctor in the early stages of pregnancy, since it is considered to be the safest and the negative consequences after it are much less than after other types.

The effectiveness of this method is 85%, to increase it, many doctors combine two or more drugs. The most commonly used combination is Mifepristone and Cytotec. 10-12 days after the release of the fetal egg, ultrasound control is necessary.

Contraindications for tablet abortion:

• allergic reaction to the components of the product;

• adrenal insufficiency;

• uterine fibroids;

• the presence of a uterine scar;

• anemia;

• blood diseases;

• inflammation of the genitourinary system;

• somatic pathologies in severe form.

Smoking women over 35 years of age are not indicated for medical termination of pregnancy. In addition, mifepristone is not prescribed if:

• ectopic pregnancy;

• conception is not confirmed by laboratory and clinical studies;

• gestational age exceeds 42 days;

• pregnancy occurred immediately after taking contraceptives or against the background of using intrauterine contraceptives.

With great care, medical abortion can be performed on women with pulmonary obstruction, high blood pressure, and heart failure.

Self-administration of drugs intended for tablet abortion is strictly prohibited!

Terms of safe abortion.

I must say that the shorter the gestation period, the less severe the consequences of abortion. The safest period for termination of pregnancy is the period up to 6-7 weeks. This is the time when the embryo has not yet had time to attach to the uterine wall, and the woman's body has not yet begun to adapt to bearing a child. The risk of complications increases with the duration of pregnancy.

Types of abortions and their consequences.

Abortion is an artificial termination of pregnancy. Despite the fact that today there are a huge number of preventive measures to prevent unwanted pregnancies, the number of abortions performed by doctors is constantly growing. There are 3 ways to terminate a pregnancy - vacuum, surgical and medical. The doctor offers the woman the most suitable option in each case, but the final decision certainly remains with the patient. To choose the best type, you need to learn in detail about all available at the moment.

Home, non-medical methods of abortion.

Women continue to ask for alternative ways to terminate a pregnancy, despite the fact that modern types of abortions have already become practically safe and not painful if good anesthesia is used. At least in comparison with criminal abortions. Women simply do not want to go to the doctors. But even if they manage to provoke a miscarriage, many are not happy. The probability of complete emptying of the uterus exists only in the very early stages of the development of the fetal egg, in the first days of delayed menstruation. And then you can’t do without the classic “cleansing” in the hospital.

If home methods of abortion are used with folk remedies for two or more weeks of delay, there is a huge percentage chance that there will be complications.

Herbs are usually used as abortives: tansy, oregano, etc. As well as physical activity, active sexual life and taking a hot bath.

Termination of pregnancy - surgical abortion.

Most abortions in Russia are performed by the instrumental method, unfortunately. More often due to the poor equipment of antenatal clinics and hospitals, poor financial opportunities for women, as well as late access to a doctor.

Instrumental abortion is performed if the gestational age exceeds 7 weeks and up to 12 weeks. In its classic version, the doctor, after the introduction of an anesthetic, more often it is now general anesthesia, with the help of special tools - metal tubes, dilators with different diameters, opens the cervix. After that, with the help of a sharp curette, the entire endometrium is scraped out along with the fetal egg. The whole procedure is carried out without the use of ultrasound, that is, simply by touch. Therefore, including, surgical abortion and gives so often complications.

With mechanical expansion, the cervix is \u200b\u200btraumatized. In the next pregnancy, these injuries can lead to premature disclosure, isthmic-cervical insufficiency. It is better if the cervix is opened before abortion using vaginal or oral forms of medication.

Severe consequences of the procedure include perforation of the uterine wall. But this, fortunately, happens infrequently, and mostly only for long periods. More often, women experience severe uterine bleeding - they have to take hemostatic agents. Hematometra - accumulation of blood in the uterus due to poor contractility of the myometrium or cervical spasm.

If part of the fetus or its membranes remains in the uterus, a placental polyp will occur. And you will have to do a second cleaning of the uterus.

Due to trauma to the uterine cavity, intrauterine synechia occurs. Their symptoms are scanty and painful menstruation, infertility. Adhesions are dissected surgically with hysteroscopy.

If the procedure was performed in violation of sterile conditions or the woman did not take antibiotics after the abortion, endometritis may occur. And in the absence of its treatment, adhesions in the fallopian tubes, chronic inflammation of the ovaries may appear. Which in the future will result in infertility and ectopic pregnancy.

Another problem that can arise with an Rh conflict is if the mother is Rh negative and the fetus is Rh positive. If the pregnancy is terminated at a period of about 10 weeks, an anti-Rhesus immunoglobulin is administered to the woman within 72 hours after the procedure in order to avoid difficulties with a subsequent pregnancy.

Termination of pregnancy using vacuum aspiration.

This abortion technology is considered relatively safe, almost on a par with medication. Only failures in the form of incomplete abortion happen less with her. Another plus is a slightly larger allowable maximum interruption period. This is 7 obstetric weeks or 3 weeks from the onset of a delay in menstruation. In some cases, usually with a missed pregnancy, the procedure can be performed for longer periods.

Its advantage is that there is no need to expand the cervical canal with instruments and clean the uterine cavity with a curette. Accordingly, there is a small risk of inflammatory complications.

How everything goes. In a antenatal clinic or in a hospital, a woman is given local anesthesia. A thin disposable catheter is inserted into the uterus through the cervical canal, attached to a special apparatus with a container. After it is included in this container, the fetal egg, its membranes and endometrium are sucked off. The whole procedure takes about five minutes. If painful spasms of the uterus occur, intramuscular administration of an antispasmodic helps.

Termination of pregnancy by vacuum aspiration can have negative and very serious consequences, but rarely. This is perforation of the uterus, which can occur when measuring its length with a probe. And another complication is lethal, occurs due to a medical error - pneumoembolism. This is when not negative pressure is created in the uterine cavity, but positive. That is, air enters it, which instantly enters the bloodstream. Almost all newer vacuum aspirators are air protected.

Termination of pregnancy with pills.

Many women believe that this refers to those hormonal pills that are taken for the purpose of contraception, regular or emergency. For example, there is an opinion that the most famous means of emergency contraception, "Postinor", will work, even if it is taken while already pregnant. This is not so, medical termination of pregnancy in the early stages is carried out with the help of another drug - antiprogesterone, and it is impossible to buy it in a pharmacy in the dosage necessary for abortion.

Another feature of this type of abortion is the strict observance of the terms of its implementation. You need to have time to make an interruption up to 6 weeks, that is, two weeks of delay in menstruation. If you practice the medical method of abortion for a longer period, the consequences can be negative. Of course, complications can arise in case of full compliance with the deadlines, but their risk is much lower. The consequences include severe bleeding, provoked by the remnants of the membranes in the uterus. If this happens, vacuum aspiration or surgical abortion should be performed. This complication occurs in no more than five women out of 100 who perform medical termination of pregnancy. The rest have a complete miscarriage. But there are side effects, some are more pronounced, and some are less. This is an increase in blood pressure, nausea, vomiting, high body temperature, weakness.

How everything goes. After a small examination, including a mandatory ultrasound of the uterus and ovaries, the woman signs the consent to the procedure and confirms that she understands what complications may be. It should be remembered that after the first pills taken, it will no longer be possible to leave the child. Even if the fertilized egg continues to develop, and the drugs do not work or do not work completely.

The doctor will first dispense several antiprogesterone tablets, for a total of 200 mg. Their woman takes in the presence of her doctor. He stays at the clinic for a couple of hours and then goes home. Usually, a miscarriage does not occur immediately after taking antiprogesterone, the state of health does not worsen, although the drug itself begins to act actively. It binds to progesterone receptors, blocks the production of the hormone. This leads to the beginning of detachment of the fetal egg and the readiness of the myometrium for contractions.

After 36-48 hours, a woman in the clinic or at home (if the doctor gave her medication at home) takes a second medicine - prostaglandin. And after that, the expulsion of the fetal egg occurs, accompanied by the unpleasant symptoms indicated above. After a miscarriage, bleeding continues for several days, but the state of health becomes much better.

After 7-10 days, a control ultrasound is performed to make sure that the fetal egg and its membranes have left the uterus.

The advantages of this type of abortion is the absence of surgical intervention in the uterus. Due to the observance of the period up to which week, the medical method of abortion is allowed, a close relationship between the mother and the child does not have time to be established, hormonal disorders are also not too pronounced. Almost immediately after an abortion, a new pregnancy can occur. The menstrual cycle is restored after 28-30 days, usually without delay.