Medical abortion.

The very name of the method indicates that the course of pregnancy is interrupted by taking special medications, or rather, tablets. For a number of reasons, this can be done early (up to 7 weeks) and only under medical supervision.

The essence of medical abortion is that a woman takes pills (usually Mifegin, Mifepristone, Mifiprex), which prevent the production of progesterone in her body. As a result, the fetal egg, which does not receive a hormone important for its development, dies, then, after taking special additional drugs, it is rejected by the woman's body and spontaneously leaves the uterus through the opened cervix. Thus, with medical abortion, the same miscarriage occurs, only specially provoked.

The advantage of this method is that the female genital organs (cervix and uterine wall) do not experience any mechanical impact from the outside. It is for this reason that it is recommended for women who have not yet given birth.

Despite the fact that medical abortion is recognized as the safest of all existing methods of abortion, it can lead to some consequences:

• bleeding - when taking pills, you need to ensure that the discharge is not very plentiful;

• incomplete rejection of the fetal egg - in this case, scraping with a curette is additionally used;

• hormonal failure in the female body, and this is a change in the menstrual cycle, the thyroid gland, etc.

For these reasons, medical abortion should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor who will definitely specify the gestational age, prescribe a preliminary test and assess the woman's health, and perform 2 ultrasound procedures: before the abortion and two weeks after it. This will make sure that the termination of pregnancy will go according to plan and without consequences.

What is an abortion like?

Doctors distinguish several methods of artificial termination of pregnancy:

• medication;

• vacuum aspiration;

• saline abortion;

• surgical intervention: curettage with a curette, small caesarean section, etc.

The choice of method depends on a number of factors, including the duration of pregnancy (up to 5-7 weeks, up to 12 weeks, at a later time), the age and health of the woman. Here it is important to contact a gynecologist as soon as possible and discuss the situation with him.

So what are the features of various abortion methods, what determines their choice, what advantages and, most importantly, consequences can they have?

Types of abortions: how to choose the right method.

Abortion refers to any termination of pregnancy: spontaneous or caused by human intervention. And if the first (popularly a miscarriage) occurs as a result of external factors or a state of health affecting a woman’s body, then the reason for the second (i.e. artificial termination of pregnancy) lies in the woman’s unwillingness to become a mother or in her inability to bear and give birth to a healthy child. It is about medical abortion, or rather about which method of termination of pregnancy is better to choose, and will be discussed further.

Separate diagnostic curettage of the uterus.

(Separate curettage of the cervical canal and uterine cavity).

It is used for the purpose of diagnosing menstrual irregularities, uterine fibroids, endometriosis, endometrial hyperplastic processes, endometrial and cervical polyps, dysplasia and cervical cancer, infertility. For therapeutic purposes, curettage of the uterine cavity is carried out to stop uterine bleeding.

It is carried out under intravenous anesthesia, depending on the specific situation, on certain days of the menstrual cycle.

The resulting material is sent to the laboratory for histological examination, depending on the results of which the issue of further management of the patient is decided.

Medical abortion (pharmacy).

Medical abortion (pharmaceutical abortion) is a method of artificial termination of an unwanted pregnancy in the early stages, which does not require surgical intervention.

It has fewer complications than curettage and vacuum aspiration, but is not completely devoid of them. So, after the use of mifepristone and other hormonal drugs, severe uterine bleeding is possible, leading to the need for curettage of the uterus.

The most effective is medical abortion for up to 4 weeks, when the fetal egg is still weakly attached to the uterus, and the hormonal changes in the female body are not so pronounced.

The method consists in a single dose in the presence of a doctor of 200 mg of the steroid preparation mifepristone (Mifegin (France), Mifeprex (Russia)), which provokes fetal death. By binding to progesterone receptors, mifepristone blocks the action of progesterone, which stimulates the growth of the endometrium. At the same time, the sensitivity of the myometrium to oxytocin is restored, the action of prostaglandins increases, the myometrium begins to contract intensively, which leads to termination of pregnancy.

36-48 hours after taking mifegin, the patient takes a prostaglandin analogue (misoprostol 400 mcg orally or gemeprost 1 mg vaginally) combined with mifepristone. Under the influence of prostaglandins, the uterus contracts, the mechanism of expulsion of the fetus from the uterine cavity is launched.

The patient should be under the supervision of medical staff for at least two hours after taking the drugs. After 36-48 hours, the patient should undergo a control ultrasound, and also after 8-14 days come for a gynecological examination and a second ultrasound to make sure that the fetus has been completely expelled from the uterus.

The efficiency of the method is 95-98%.

Surgical abortion.

Medical abortion is a premature artificial termination of pregnancy.

In modern gynecology, excluding surgical intervention and bearing the name of medical abortion, appeared relatively recently. This method of abortion refers to innovations in medicine, because. does not involve intervention in the uterine cavity. Medical abortion in our clinic is carried out (using according to a certain scheme) a medical preparation called mifepristone. It is used in cases where it is necessary to make honey. Abortion as early as possible: from the first day of delayed menstruation to 42-63d. This type of abortion minimizes the risk of hormonal disruptions, there is no surgical effect on the uterus and its cervix - therefore, the risk of damage is practically reduced to zero.

However, the consequences of medical abortion can be:

• Pain accompanied by contractions

• Nausea turning into vomiting

• Change in blood pressure

• Stomach upset

• Major blood loss

• These symptoms occur in a small percentage of women.

The undeniable advantages of medical abortion are:

• A small number of possible complications

• Low risk of psychogenic trauma

• Good drug tolerance

No risks associated with surgery - damage to the endometrium, cervical canal, on 10-14 days of medical abortion, the patient must undergo a second examination by a gynecologist, + ultrasound. If medical abortion is incomplete, i.e. The uterus contains particles of the fetal egg, then the doctor prescribes vacuum aspiration.

Medical abortion may not work mainly in two cases: if the doctor failed to identify an ectopic pregnancy, or if its duration exceeds the allowable gestational age.

Before terminating a pregnancy, for medical abortion, you must undergo the following examinations:

• Ultrasound of OAM - during the first appointment with the doctor, to clarify the term and confirm pregnancy

• Swab for flora

• OAM, KLA, HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B, C

• Blood gr., coagulogram.

Do not forget that the more time you drag out, the higher the risk of negative consequences of abortion.

Surgical termination of pregnancy is carried out by an instrumental method: mini-abortion (vacuum aspiration), surgical abortion.

Surgical abortion - performed under intravenous anesthesia at a later date (8-12 weeks). Within 3-4 hours after the operation, the woman needs complete rest. Intermedcenter is equipped with its own day hospital, so after the termination of pregnancy you will be in a comfortable ward under the supervision of the attending physician. The disadvantage of surgical abortion is a high risk of complications leading to infertility. Our experts will reduce this risk to a minimum. After this manipulation, an ultrasound is necessarily done, the doctor will definitely draw up an individual course of rehabilitation therapy for you.

Before termination of pregnancy, a mandatory examination is carried out:

• Ultrasound diagnostics

• Vaginal smear for flora

• Gy blood, CBC, blood biochemistry

• Blood coagulogram

• Blood test for: syphilis, hepatitis C, hepatitis B, HIV.

Mini-abortion (vacuum aspiration) is carried out at gestational ages up to 6-7 weeks using vacuum suction - this is the most gentle surgical method. The procedure is performed under intravenous anesthesia. A mini-abortion is performed under ultrasound guidance. 10-14 days after the mini-abortion, it is necessary to undergo an examination by a gynecologist, an ultrasound scan to confirm a successful termination of pregnancy and the absence of complications.

Induced abortion is the artificial termination of pregnancy.

Induced abortion is an artificial termination of pregnancy, accompanied by the death of the fetus (embryo, embryo).

The main indications for termination of pregnancy are the death of the fetus or the threat to the life of the mother due to the presence of concomitant diseases or abnormal pregnancy.

Indications for abortion in some countries are not limited to purely medical grounds, the legislation allows abortions "at will" in the early stages of pregnancy.

Artificial abortion, depending on the gestational age, can be performed surgically or medically.

The impact of induced abortion on a woman's health and reproductive function depends on a number of factors. Possible complications such as uterine perforation, bleeding, thrombosis, inflammation.

Regardless of the method, the consequences of an abortion will be negative and this must always be remembered.

Any method, as a rule, leads to hormonal imbalance, and against its background, a woman may experience:

• various kinds of gynecological diseases (neoplasms in the mammary glands, polycystic ovaries or uterine fibroids);

• disruption of the endocrine system, menstrual dysfunction;

• failures in normal metabolism (sharp and uncontrolled weight gain), etc.

• the threat of habitual miscarriage, the risk of ectopic or missed pregnancy increases.

There are frequent cases of inflammatory and infectious diseases of the genital organs, and sometimes obstruction of the fallopian tubes. All these consequences after an abortion often lead to the most difficult situation for a woman - the appearance of infertility.

You can correctly approach the solution of the issue, choose the right tactics, evaluate all the possible risks of this intervention and carry out their prevention, you can consult with the doctors. 

Mom's health at 2 weeks pregnant.

Pregnancy is perhaps one of the most important periods in a woman's life. And in the first weeks of the term, all the vital tissues and organs of the child are laid. Therefore, you need to prepare for pregnancy in advance. And even if a woman does not yet know whether conception has occurred or not, she must take care of her health.

Scheduled surveys. It is necessary to visit a gynecologist for preventive purposes at least once a year, and after 35 years - at least 2 times a year. If a woman is preparing to become a mother, consultations may be required more often, especially if certain problems have been identified earlier. If a woman assumes pregnancy and the test showed the coveted 2 strips, then a visit to a specialist should not be postponed either. The doctor will prescribe a number of mandatory examinations and give recommendations. Later, a schedule of visits to the antenatal clinic will be drawn up.

Proper nutrition. A very important role for the health of the baby is played by how the expectant mother eats. Even when planning a pregnancy, you need to change your diet. The body must receive a sufficient amount of vitamins and minerals. Experts recommend eating more fruits, vegetables, greens. Lean meat, fatty fish, dairy products, cereals are also useful. If necessary, the doctor may prescribe vitamin and mineral complexes for pregnant women and folic acid. But fast food, spicy, salty foods and sweets should be abandoned. You can treat yourself to a piece of dark chocolate or a dessert with fruit and yogurt.

Lifestyle change. The onset of pregnancy is usually associated with fatigue and drowsiness. Do not resist the urge to relax and take an extra hour of nap, if possible. If there are no contraindications, you should go in for sports: water aerobics, yoga and other exercises in special groups for pregnant women. If physical activity needs to be limited, you can just walk in the fresh air. The beginning of pregnancy is not a reason to refuse work, but you should not overwork yourself either.

General recommendations. If a woman had bad habits, now is the time to give them up. And it is best to give up smoking and alcohol at the stage of pregnancy planning. It is also important to reduce stress levels. Pregnant women are characterized by unnecessary experiences regarding their new position, appearance, material well-being, communication with relatives and the father of the unborn child. If it is difficult to cope with anxiety on your own, you can sign up for psychotherapy sessions.

The second week of pregnancy is a great time to get to know yourself and start preparing for an important event in life. And if there is still some uncertainty and misunderstanding of what to do, then soon the new status will bring only positive emotions.

What happens in the mother's body during 2 weeks of pregnancy?

Most women during a two-week pregnancy are not even aware of their new condition, they do not feel any changes, internal and external. Sometimes there are some sensations that can indirectly indicate the onset of pregnancy.

What a woman might feel.

• Soreness of the chest. This sign usually appears very first. The breast is already beginning to prepare for the production of milk under the influence of the hormone progesterone. In the second week of pregnancy, the nipples may increase slightly in size and become more sensitive. Touching and a tight bra can cause discomfort and pain.

• Change in mucous secretions. At the very beginning of pregnancy, the amount of natural secretions increases. During ovulation, they are usually similar in structure to egg white, but after conception they become more liquid and odorless. Hormonal changes and other changes in a woman's body can cause the development of thrush, which is manifested by white or yellowish-green discharge with a sour smell. Such symptoms should not be ignored. You need to see a doctor right away.

• Increased emotionality. In the body of a pregnant woman, the concentration of estrogen and progesterone rises sharply, which affects her psycho-emotional state. Joy can be quickly replaced by tearfulness or irritability. Often the woman herself cannot find an explanation for such sudden changes in mood.

• Drowsiness and fatigue. The conception and development of a new life is a great stress for the body. At this moment, all forces are directed to maintaining the vital activity of the embryo. Therefore, it is not surprising that the expectant mother feels constant fatigue, she has a desire to sleep longer and relax.

• Heaviness in the lower abdomen. A pregnant woman in the second week after conception may be disturbed by pain in the lower abdomen, usually they are associated with the period of implantation of the fetal egg into the uterine wall. Such sensations are temporary and are not associated with severe and acute pain. In addition, abdominal discomfort can also occur due to intestinal upset. This is a fairly common occurrence at the very beginning of pregnancy, associated with hormonal changes in the body and the effect of hormones on the digestive tract.

There are other indirect signs of pregnancy, but they do not appear in everyone and are not always associated with the birth of a new life:

• deterioration of sleep and early awakenings;

• tingling in the lower back;

• heaviness in the limbs;

• decrease or increase in appetite;

• bouts of nausea;

• frequent urge to urinate;

• slight increase in basal body temperature;

• heartburn;

• slight weight loss or gain.

What does a woman look like.

The appearance of a woman in the second week of pregnancy does not change. The abdomen remains in the same state, it will begin to grow much later, although the uterus itself has already begun to increase. Of the small changes, one can note the appearance of a blush on the cheeks, which is associated with increased blood circulation. An unpleasant sign of pregnancy can be acne, which occurs due to changes in hormonal levels.

Is it possible to find out about pregnancy?

After the embryo is fixed on the wall of the uterus, its outer layer begins to produce the hCG hormone. By increasing its level in the urine, pregnancy is determined. True, the amount of the hormone increases gradually. But the most impatient can already determine pregnancy with the help of pharmacy tests. Modern devices can be effective even 1-2 days before the expected period. But in order for the result to be more accurate, it is worth listening to some tips.

• Many modern tests can be used at any time of the day, but experts insist that the most accurate result from them can be achieved in the morning.

• You should not trust one test: at such an early date, it can show both a false negative and a false positive result. It is better to do 2-3 more tests with an interval of 2 days.

• Despite the claimed effectiveness of the test, it is better to use it not before the start of the expected menstruation, but in the first days of the delay.

• Many tests do not show results right away. As a rule, the first strip appears instantly and looks clear, but the second one may appear only after 10 minutes and be more blurry. In this case, conducting a few more tests will help make sure that pregnancy has definitely occurred.

• In addition, the quality of the test itself may affect the accuracy of the result. Before buying, you should always make sure that the product is not expired.