Most abortions in Russia are performed by the instrumental method, unfortunately. More often due to the poor equipment of antenatal clinics and hospitals, poor financial opportunities for women, as well as late access to a doctor.
Instrumental abortion is performed if the gestational age exceeds 7 weeks and up to 12 weeks. In its classic version, the doctor, after the introduction of an anesthetic, more often it is now general anesthesia, with the help of special tools - metal tubes, dilators with different diameters, opens the cervix. After that, with the help of a sharp curette, the entire endometrium is scraped out along with the fetal egg. The whole procedure is carried out without the use of ultrasound, that is, simply by touch. Therefore, including, surgical abortion and gives so often complications.
With mechanical expansion, the cervix is \u200b\u200btraumatized. In the next pregnancy, these injuries can lead to premature disclosure, isthmic-cervical insufficiency. It is better if the cervix is opened before abortion using vaginal or oral forms of medication.
Severe consequences of the procedure include perforation of the uterine wall. But this, fortunately, happens infrequently, and mostly only for long periods. More often, women experience severe uterine bleeding - they have to take hemostatic agents. Hematometra - accumulation of blood in the uterus due to poor contractility of the myometrium or cervical spasm.
If part of the fetus or its membranes remains in the uterus, a placental polyp will occur. And you will have to do a second cleaning of the uterus.
Due to trauma to the uterine cavity, intrauterine synechia occurs. Their symptoms are scanty and painful menstruation, infertility. Adhesions are dissected surgically with hysteroscopy.
If the procedure was performed in violation of sterile conditions or the woman did not take antibiotics after the abortion, endometritis may occur. And in the absence of its treatment, adhesions in the fallopian tubes, chronic inflammation of the ovaries may appear. Which in the future will result in infertility and ectopic pregnancy.
Another problem that can arise with an Rh conflict is if the mother is Rh negative and the fetus is Rh positive. If the pregnancy is terminated at a period of about 10 weeks, an anti-Rhesus immunoglobulin is administered to the woman within 72 hours after the procedure in order to avoid difficulties with a subsequent pregnancy.