The epithelium lines the mucous membrane of all internal organs. Squamous epithelium is almost always present in the urine sediment of a healthy person in an amount of up to 3 cells per field of view. Their number increases with an infectious disease of the urinary tract.
Another type of cells, transitional epithelium, appears in the urine with cystitis, pyelonephritis, and nephrolithiasis. Permissible presence of the 1st cell of transitional epithelium in the field of view.
The renal epithelium is found in the sediment with an infectious lesion of the kidney parenchyma - pyelonephritis, kidney glomeruli - glomerulonephritis, etc. In a healthy person, the renal epithelium is absent in the urine sediment.